Model Architecture & Training MethodsOpenAI (Radford et al.)OpenAI

OpenAI publishes the original GPT (GPT-1) paper

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The GPT (commonly called GPT-1) paper Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training — a 12-layer decoder-only Transformer pretrained on BooksCorpus, then fine-tuned for each task

Why it matters

Reported that combining unsupervised generative pre-training with supervised fine-tuning improved the state of the art on 9 of the 12 tasks studied

Source — Primary sources first; secondary reports are labelled “Press”

Officialopenai.comhttps://openai.com/index/language-unsupervised/

Added in Week 41, 2026 · See that week

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In the model family tree — GPT family · 23 versions

  1. Earlier versionThe first version in this branch
  2. This recordGPT-1
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Google posts the BERT paper on arXivPaperSparsely-Gated Mixture-of-Experts LayerPaperFast Transformer DecodingPaperGShardPaper